Role of Study Center in Higher Education

fibre of instruct vegetable marrow in higher(prenominal) informationTHE ROLE OF STUDY CENTER IN higher(prenominal) EDUCATION IN INCREASING LINKAGES AMONG INDUSTRY UNIVERSITY GOVERNMENT(TRIPLE volute MODEL)Alimatus Sahrah mental faculty of Psychology, University of Mercu Buana YogyakartaAbstract leash gyre warning which requires the earthly concern of linkages Industry University political perception is believed to accelerate the consummation of the Indonesian Developmental romance of 2020. Case take on of the creative activity of contemplate burden in high gentility, conducted using drum summary method, proven satisfactory to repair the linkages among Industry University Government. ternion gyre model facilitates the presentation of coarse collaboration among the deuce-acet parties involved. It is hoped that a to a greater extent(prenominal) open blood and mutual benefit allow be conducted among the academics and the establishment, academics an d line of reasoning, and backup and the authorities.Key word triplex volute Model, Linkages among Industry University Government, muse Center in Higher study, machinate analysisINTRODUCTION fit to Legislative Act Num. VII/MPR/2001 on November 9, 2001 on Future quite a little of Indonesia, Indonesian Vision of 2020 is to make Indonesia as a religious society, humane, united, democratic, just, prosperous, advanced, independent, and corking and clean in the tribe administration. It is excessively important to note that the achievement of Vision 2020 took place in an era of global free work, in which Indonesia is to a fault a member of ASEAN, should succeed the ASEAN Vision 2020, and similarly because it is also a member of APEC, it must also succeed Digital deliverance of APEC. Thus the nature of life in the era of globalization characterized by liberalization of trade and investment could no longer inevitable. Even unquestionable countries already preparing themselv es to face the situation by futurologist Keniche Ohmae (Lukita. ) called the border slight world situation. This trend makes the trade growing so fastly, that no longer able to predict the way of its breeding. The evolution of these global world enormous changes forces every country, including Indonesia, to encourage the speedup of engineering and fellowship as a basis of its emulous excellence. unity of the signifi stick outt changes in the world today is an international economic victimisation that leads to a Knowledge-Based Economy (KBE). In this KBE, noesis and grounding be considered more than influence economic activity, which pass on ultimately de boundaryine the economic public assistance of the people of a country. Rapid technological festering affects competition and rapid changes in business environment. The factor of such technological knowledge is a de limitining factor of a company success, because it will be direct relate to the companys management ef fectiveness in producing the association to create tonic technologies. This condition occurs in both the effort and national economy (governance) level, that the manufacture or economic performance depends on the qualification to turn fellowship in creating intro burster.In order to anticipate the changes above, then the Higher training needs to change the instructional paradigm from the old industrial cultivation pattern to a sensitive industrial entrepreneurial education, to encourage the earthly concern of association based economy. In this case, noesis is power is useful to correct competitiveness of the nation. T here(predicate)fore, the Higher teaching as familiarity-producing institution needs to improve management of its organization in order to accelerate the achievement of the nations vision. The Role of Higher Education as a motivating factor of knowledge production is beginning mentioned in the form of Mode 1, which is a mood of knowledge production in which knowledge is produced in the context of a bad-tempered discipline, now shifts to the modalities of Mode 2 knowledge production, in which knowledge discount be produced more spread, not merely centered on the university, thus enabling the cooperation mingled with the industry university organization that has the same reside in problem solving (Gibbons in Hidayat, 2001).The discharge of linkage in the midst of industry and university R D institution is a central issue in the discourse of science and technology policy. In the discourse of science and technology policy in Indonesia is ofttimes discussed the importance of the concept of three-fold Helix model and the concept of ABG ( faculty memberian, Business, and Government) in the discipline of science and technology (KRT, 2001). ABG concept refers to a condition in which the R D in universities and government, and industry in a strong bond, which allows for cooperation and synergy among them in the developmen t and utilization of science and technology. Therefore, programs that allow for the linkages among the cardinal pillars construct indispensable. Referring to the three pillars of linkages with the Triple Helix model, the Ministry of query and Technology with a program of RUK (Riset Unggulan Kemitraan/Competitive Research Partnership) provide incentives to programs that conduct look cooperation among university R D institutions, industry and government. This is also supported by the development of the developed countries that encourage such cooperation, so that behind make a tremendous acceleration in the development of their knowledge and technology.A guinea pig Center in Higher Education was formed to be a forum of interdisciplinary lease in a particular playing area. depicted object Center was founded with the intention that the University raft enlarge productivity and existence of products or services are produced to the public. Thus, the existence of remove Center in Higher Education should be able to abet the College or University in their task of Tri Dharma. In general, according to Pedju (2009) universities should be able to go forward and be able to create strategies to develop the nation (university led development strategy), because almost all the aggregates in the modern university is able to support it, especially with government policy that has facilitated the education budget of 20% as now it is. Only Pedju (2009) still questioned the existence of the modern mindset of existing human resources to be able to represent the vision and bang of the university towards a knowledge-based society.Referring to the description above, this study aimed to review whether the charge of Study Center in Higher Education can play a mathematical function in strengthening links among universities industry government (triple roll model) in order to prosper the nation. In this case the Study Center should be interpreted as the spearhead of Higher Education to produce knowledge that creates knowledgeability in the achievement of the vision the nation itself.TRIPLE HELIX MODEL Universities, Industry and GovernmentTriple helix is a term used to name a concept of university-industry-government partnership that synergize in development the capacity and functioning of S T (Science Technology) for the nation development processes (Sasmojo, 2011). Etzkowitz, (2008) be Triple helix as the three antithetic spheres of business, higher education and public institutions operative together on rising tasks and in sweet fields. These three spheres together, and not exactly by themselves, make it possible to recover an compoundd outcome from the cooperation and invested capital, in the form of innovative new products and solutions. A triple helix regime typically begins as university, industry and government enter into a reciprocal consanguinity in which each attempts to enhance the performance of the other. Each institutional sphere is thus more in all prob major power to become a creative source of installation and to support the upshot of creativity that arises in other spirals.Through this model, Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000) and Leydesdorff and Etzkowitz (1998) tried to analyze new form of institutional forces in innovation system (Fig. 1).Interactions among actors in innovation systems are Further explained in more detail by the Triple Helix Model. The triple helix is a spiral model of innovation that captures multiple reciprocal relationships at different points in the process of knowledge capitalization (Etzkowitz, 2002). The first attribute of the triple helix model is an upcountry transformation in each of the helices, Such as the development of squint ties among companies through strategic alliances or an assumption of an economic development mission by universities. The second is the influence of one helix upon another. The third dimension is the creation of a new overlay of trilateral mesh topologys and Organizations from the Interaction Among the three helices, formed for the purpose of coming up with new ideas and formats for high-tech development. The triple helix denotes the university-industry-government relationship as one of relatively equal, yet interdependent, institutional spheres overlap and take the utilization of the other.Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000) wrote on three Kinds of triple helix modelTriple helix model where there is great government agency of a country in directing university and industry and the relationship the amid them. A strong version of purpose can be founded in the countries left by Soviet and East Europe, while softer version can be founded in Latin America and some European countries ilk Norwegian. This kind of Triple Helix model can be shown in Fig. 2. This first triple helix model is described as a model fail by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff. With low bottom up initiative, innovation is lacking of appropriate stimulus.The second triple helix model consists of scatter institution with rigid boundary lot dividing three of the actors and describe specialise relation one to another. This model occur as a reply to the first model of the which bring the policy of laissez- uninfectede (free competition) lowering the persona of the country as shown in Fig.3.The last model indicates the presence of knowledge radical in the form of piece of institutional roles sharing the circle each other in form of hybrid organization shown in the three interfaces of the circle. This model is developed country mostly implemented in the more directed to the forming of relations. This model is shown in Fig.4.KIN (Komite Inovasi Nasional) (2011) berpendapat bahwa tiga pilar penopang sistem inovasi menurut konsep model triple helix, yakni (1) Perusahaan, yang dalam hal ini dapat melakukan pembelajaran teknologi secara interaktif, aliansi teknologi dan pengetahuan, kemitraan litbang, dan pengembangan human capital dalam me lakukan penelitian dan pengembangan. (2) Institusi pendidikan, yang dalam hal ini dapat melakukan pendidikan dasar dan lanjutan, pelatihan vokasional, perlindungan HKI, kemitraan litbang, pengkajian, perluasan informasi teknologi (3) Pemerintah, yang berperan dalam pembuat regulasi dan insentif. Misalnya regulasi pajak, persaingan sehat, alih teknologi, standard pengelolaan dls. Konsep ini seperti dijelaskan Pedju, 2009 pada Gambar 5.KIN (Komite Inovasi Nasional/Committee of the issue launching) (2011) argues that the three pillars supporting the innovation system according to the concept of the triple helix model, namely (1) The company, which in this case can do an interactional learning technology, alliances technology and knowledge, R D partnerships, and human capital development in interrogation and development. (2) Educational institutions, which in this case can do the primary and secondary education, vocational training, protection of IPR, R D partnerships, review, ex pansion of information technology, (3) The Government, which plays a role in regulatory and incentive. E.g tax regulation, fair competition, technology transfer, standard management, etc. This concept is as described Pedju, 2009 in Figure 5.STUDY CENTER IN HIGHER EDUCATION SWOT ANALYSISThis look into takes a case study of 10 profiles of respective(a) University Study Center in Indonesia. From the profile of the study centers can be described thatThe background of the formation of Study Centre To search for voltage or rare resources, through a particular approach (typical), in order to obtain the maximum benefit to the public long term welfare and to enhance the competitiveness of nations in this competitive era, so that it is infallible to mystify a place to examine certain forms of management that can increase economic productivity by leveraging existing resources.Vision of the Study Center To realize a study center that became the bonus and the driver for socialization and d evelopment of innovation and improves productivity with a particular approach, in order to realize a productive, prosperous and globally competitive industrial community.Mission of the Study Center (a) Increasing awareness of industry and society to harvest-festival Development and Innovation, (2) Provide assistance to the industry in improving the Product Development and Innovation. (C) Encourage the creation of the community who appraise the Product Development and Innovation.Goals and Objectives Formation of Study Center (a) Develop subjects related to the formation of Study Center to help the process of learning and doctrine in the faculties concerned (b) Develop Study Centre management in the broadest sense in an interdisciplinary manner to obtain an increase in productivity with quality expected, (c) Develop an interdisciplinary collaboration between experts of study centers and the experts from other fields in various faculties to increase the active role of the University in national development, (d) Implement the cooperation with various agencies / institutions both at root word and abroad government, private, state, and international institutions (e) Develop information systems of study center for anyone working on either expert users, students, private, and community, (f) Scientific Society Being a center of study and research in the field of Study Center. Product Development and Innovation, through various activities including discussions, general lectures, seminars, workshops, training, and cooperative research (g) industrial Society Being an institution that can help the Society for industrial Product Development and Innovation.Work Program Service provided by Study CenterEducation (i) Help develop subjects related to the field of Study Center in various faculties, (ii) Holding seminars, symposia, workshops, and other scientific meetings as a vehicle for community and science development, (iii) Publishes journals and another appropriate commu nications mediaResearch (i) To submit a research proposal to the parties involved, (ii) Conduct a study to obtain the form of resource management in different scientific areas, (iii) Develop appropriate technological review in the field of study center management, (iv) Establish cooperation research with research institutions relatedcommunity of interests Service (i) Cooperating with the central government, local governments, state enterprises, public enterprises, private enterprises, and others to prove solutions to problems encountered in this field, (ii) Providing training services to the executor in the field, (iii) Building a network that cares about the field of Study Centre.Organization and Human Resource of Studies Center Study Centre is directly on a lower floor the Rector not under the management of a particular faculty anymore, but the human resources are still borrowing from existing personnel in the various faculties at a university.From the SWOT analysis conducted on Study Center at the University in its efforts to strengthen the relationship university industry and government, it can be conclude thatStrength of the existence of Study Center in Higher Education are (1) Allows for a review of an area in an integrated and interdisciplinary problems, (2) Being a vehicle for the gathering of experts to discuss an integrated knowledge to form a specific scientific community, (3) Facilitate relationships with the world outside the university, so it does not require a long bureaucratic, (4) the accumulation of matter, substantials, or references associated with a particular problem areas,Weaknesses of Study Center in Higher Education (1) unavailability of human resources remain to be still in the organizations of Study Center. The existing personnel are those who are usually have a baseline on a particular course. So the presence in the Study Centre is just a side job, (2) Unavailability of an adequate budget for the Study Center in conducting its activities, so it will be a burden for Study Center because they must enlist funds outside the university to finance their activities, (3) The absence of workload analysis of the lector who are not lonesome(prenominal) burdened with duties as a lector as the main task but also do research to fulfill the convey of the society (4) The topics of research conducted by the study centers were more uniformly to an order from society, so the possibility of innovative research ideas become stunted existence. This right admits freedom to be creative from the readers to be just about less obstructed, (5) the highly dependency in the case of funding to the government through a grant from DIKTI or Research and technology Ministry.Opportunities that can be achieved with the existence of Study Center in Higher Education (1) Availability of funds that exist in every state as a form of corporate social responsibility towards the community, (2) The existence of new opportunities for univers ities to move to a more central position in society. For exemplify research as a source of new knowledge for the knowledge economy. In the era of globalization, economic competitiveness increasingly depends on innovation. Innovation in turn is often interesting both on scientific and technological knowledge. University, as the main source of new scientific knowledge, thusly has a chance to play a more central role in contributing to innovation, competitiveness and economic development, (3) allow the external demand for Higher Education and consecutive learning skills. In order that a company can produce a competitive product, it must unceasingly keep innovating so their product can be accepted by society, so Higher Education through their Study Center should be ready to increase the knowledge and skills continuously to create higher added care for products that produced, (4) The existence of new information and communication technologies that could revolutionize the ways of lectu rer education and learning to be more sophisticated. Using sophisticated technology, Higher education can offer new ways that may be much more effective for lecturers in providing good instruct in the classroom. Sophisticated technology can also start changing the process of research and knowledge production in a number of ways. These include a dramatic increase in the modeling and simulation to equilibrise traditional experimental approaches, as well as enhance the ability of researchers to collaborate in larger groups in distance in a more effective way.The threats of the existence of Center for Studies in Higher Education (1) Increased pressure on universities to meet the needs of the community and in many cases more specific industry needs. Some see this as an important threat to the autonomy of universities and basic research and long-term extract of science (eg Ziman, 1991 1994), (2) The second threat seen from the effects of globalization itself that characterized by the development of new information and communication technologies growing rapidly, which makes the students demanded a possibility of continuous learning after they finish studying in Higher Education, or it can be said that the increase in expectations of students to not only learn in their Universities but also want to continue serial to work, career in industry-related scientific, (3) The possibility of weakening the relationship between research and teaching. As pressure builds on academics to teach more students, to teach more efficiently, and to provide the specific skills required by the economy and society, may having ill consequences for research. Conversely, the pressure to conduct research (often associated with national priorities, whether economic or social) and to spell (both to improve the career prospects of individuals or research institute) can lead to less emphasis in teaching.DISCUSSIONThe topic showed by the SWOT analysis conducted on the existence of Center fo r Studies in Higher Education in order to produce knowledge and innovation, there is a factor of substantial strength and opportunities, although it still must be also addressed the existence of barriers or weaknesses and threats that exist. This is very useful to be able to formulate what strategies should be used for the linkage of the three pillars of the triple helix model is beseeming increasingly apparent. The Triple helix facilitates the creation of mutual collaboration between the three parties involved. With the triple helix, expected a more open relationship and mutual benefit can be made between the academics and the government, academics and business, and business and the government, so that the role of higher education is not hampered by geomorphologic constraints in the implementation of functions in amplification to education and teaching as well research and community service.In a changing environment, universities as the main source of new knowledge and skills ar e necessary for the creation of knowledge-based economy, because the university could almost be a machine of economy itself. In this scenario, the university earlier than under threat, but will become more central. A Study Center for Studies in higher education actually has the higher ability to conduct research and development in the field of science and technology, because here are usually available sophisticated science and technology infrastructure and high-quality human resources are relatively sedentary and expert in their areas of knowledge. However, because the research requires funding not less, and always expect the government research grants are not possible, then they have to look for new breakthroughs happen (Pranyoto, 2008). cross-file and take care of Patent Rights from the results of research conducted can be an pick answer. In addition to creating the phenomenon of triple helix in university, industry and government, can be pursued for example a company hires an academics to become a business people, or vice versa, or it may be possible that governance staff become an academics at the University. This can happen only if there is mutual openness and mutual collaborative cooperation between the three parties.The above description was consistent with the explanation Etzkowitz Leydesdorff (1995), regarding third-party linkages in the triple helix model of this. Explained that if for example there is an established industry based on the triple helix model would have to allow for the process to get innovation in academician, business, and government (ABG) as the main actors in innovation systems. Therefore, synergized cooperation Among Those three actors is expected to occur, so in the long term, industry will have high competitiveness through its capability to innovate. Some primal features of this model mainly include (1) ABG vicissitude in relation to result in knowledge. Role of the parties INVOLVED is more on the integrated relationship t han the transfer of knowledge through intermediaries, (2) Recursive interaction. Relationships Among the parties are more in form of continuous development process, (3) Vague roles and Limitation (fuzzy border) among actors. University, for example also takes its role in developing entrepreneurial, while private has its role in academic dimension, (4) Micro-level of analysis in an institutional context. This institution is not only related to organization but also relationships, interaction, and rules / policy, and other aspect like norm and tradition.Another perspective that tries to explain the changing role of universities as producers of knowledge is the conceptual framework presented Leydesdorrff and Etzkowitz (2001). According to this perspective the stronger linkages between universities, industry, and government can be modeled with a triple helix. In this model, university viewed as has taken a new role (in addition to the role of teaching and research), namely the role of c ontributor to economic development. According to Etzkowitz (2008), this new role, often referred to as entrepreneurial university, which is the second revolution in the development of the university (Mode 2). The first revolution occurred when the university which was originally only served as a place of teaching (Teaching University), then take the role of research (Research University), and subsequently the university began to take on missions contribute significantly to the economy in this era.CLOSINGThe existence of Study Center in Higher Education as a container of interdisciplinary study in a particular field, it actually has considerable potentiality to play a role in the development of science and technology. The existence of Study Center in Higher Education was proven in improving the linkage University Industry Government. Triple helix facilitates the creation of mutual collaboration between the three parties involved. It is hoped that a more open relationship and mutua l benefit can be made between the academics and the government, academics and business, and business and the government, so that the role of higher education is not hampered by structural constraints in carrying out the functions of research and community service in addition to the function of education and teaching . Universities are expected to take his new role as entrepreneurial university, which is the second revolution in the development of the university (Mode 2).BibliographyEtzkowitz, H. and Leydesdorff, L. (1998), The Endless Transition A Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations, Minerva 36, 203-08.Etzkowitz, H. and Leydesdorff, L. 2000. The dynamic of innovation from national System and Mode 2 to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations. Research Policy 29.Etzkowitz, H., Leydesdorff, L. (1995). 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